Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
| MRPS21 |
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| Available structures |
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| PDB | Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB |
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| Identifiers |
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| Aliases | MRPS21, MRP-S21, RPMS21, MDS016, mitochondrial ribosomal protein S21, 28S ribosomal protein S21, mitochondrial |
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| External IDs | OMIM: 611984; MGI: 1913542; HomoloGene: 45365; GeneCards: MRPS21; OMA:MRPS21 - orthologs |
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| Gene location (Human) |
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 | | Chr. | Chromosome 1 (human)[1] |
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| | Band | 1q21.2 | Start | 150,293,861 bp[1] |
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| End | 150,308,979 bp[1] |
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| Gene location (Mouse) |
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 | | Chr. | Chromosome 3 (mouse)[2] |
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| | Band | 3|3 F2.1 | Start | 95,769,946 bp[2] |
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| End | 95,778,831 bp[2] |
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| RNA expression pattern |
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| Bgee | | Human | Mouse (ortholog) |
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| Top expressed in | - cardiac muscle tissue of right atrium
- myocardium of left ventricle
- lateral nuclear group of thalamus
- pons
- sperm
- pancreatic ductal cell
- skin of arm
- Brodmann area 23
- renal medulla
- external globus pallidus
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| | Top expressed in | - right kidney
- interventricular septum
- muscle of thigh
- plantaris muscle
- cardiac muscle tissue of left ventricle
- extensor digitorum longus muscle
- skeletal muscle tissue
- extraocular muscle
- yolk sac
- dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell
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| | More reference expression data |
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| BioGPS | |
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| Gene ontology |
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| Molecular function | - structural constituent of ribosome
- RNA binding
| | Cellular component | - mitochondrial inner membrane
- ribosome
- mitochondrion
- mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit
| | Biological process | - mitochondrial translational elongation
- mitochondrial translational termination
- mitochondrial translation
- protein biosynthesis
| | Sources:Amigo / QuickGO |
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| Wikidata |
| View/Edit Human | View/Edit Mouse |
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28S ribosomal protein S21, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPS21 gene.[5][6]
Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and assist protein synthesis within the mitochondrion.[5] Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 28S subunit protein that belongs to the ribosomal protein S21P family.[6] Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 1p, 1q, 9p, 10p, 10q, 16q, and 17q.[7] Available sequence data analyses identified splice variants that differ in the 5' UTR; both transcripts encode the same protein.[8]
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000266472 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000054312 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ a b Kenmochi N, Suzuki T, Uechi T, Magoori M, Kuniba M, Higa S, Watanabe K, Tanaka T (September 2001). "The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes: mapping of 54 genes to the chromosomes and implications for human disorders". Genomics. 77 (1–2): 65–70. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6622. PMID 11543634.
- ^ a b Cavdar Koc E, Burkhart W, Blackburn K, Moseley A, Spremulli LL (June 2001). "The small subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Identification of the full complement of ribosomal proteins present". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (22): 19363–74. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100727200. PMID 11279123.
- ^ Zhang Z, Gerstein M (May 2003). "Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome". Genomics. 81 (5): 468–80. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1. PMID 12706105.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: MRPS21 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S21".
Further reading
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
- Zhang Z, Gerstein M (2003). "Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome". Genomics. 81 (5): 468–80. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1. PMID 12706105.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Kenmochi N, Suzuki T, Uechi T, et al. (2001). "The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes: mapping of 54 genes to the chromosomes and implications for human disorders". Genomics. 77 (1–2): 65–70. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6622. PMID 11543634.
- Suzuki T, Terasaki M, Takemoto-Hori C, et al. (2001). "Proteomic analysis of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Identification of protein components in the 28 S small subunit". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (35): 33181–95. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103236200. PMID 11402041.
- Cavdar Koc E, Burkhart W, Blackburn K, et al. (2001). "The small subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Identification of the full complement of ribosomal proteins present". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (22): 19363–74. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100727200. PMID 11279123.
- Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, et al. (1997). "Large-Scale Concatenation cDNA Sequencing". Genome Res. 7 (4): 353–8. doi:10.1101/gr.7.4.353. PMC 139146. PMID 9110174.
- Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, et al. (1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Anal. Biochem. 236 (1): 107–13. doi:10.1006/abio.1996.0138. PMID 8619474.
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