Ralph d'Escures
Ralph d'Escures | |
---|---|
nadbiskup Canterburyja | |
Provincija | Canterbury |
Dijeceza/eparhija | Biskupija Canterbury |
Stolica | nadbiskup Canterburyja |
Stolovanje završilo | 20. oktobar 1122 |
Prethodnik | Anselm od Canterburyja |
Nasljednik | William de Corbeil |
Ostale funkcije | biskup Rochestera |
Redovi | |
Konsekracija | 9. august 1108 |
Lični detalji | |
Ime po rođenju | Ralph |
Smrt | 20. oktobar 1122 Canterbury |
Sahranjen | Canterburyjska katedrala |
Roditelji | Seffrid d'Escures Rascendis |
Ralph d'Escures (? - 20. oktobar 1122) bio je katolički svećenik i velikodostojnik koji je služio kao opat Séez, biskup Rochestera te, od 1114. do smrti, kao nadbiskup Canterburyja. Studirao je Opatiji Bec. Godine 1079. je kao redovnik ušao u opatiju St Martin u Séezu i tamo 1091. postao opat. Bio je prijatelj Anselma od Canterburyja i rochesterskog biskupa Gundulfa, čiju je biskupiju preuzeo nakon smrti.
Ralph je za nadbiskupa Canterburyja izabran ne samo od svećenika nego i od velike plemićke i biskupske skupštine kojom je predsjedao engleski kralj Henry I. Ralphu je nakon nje, umjesto da ga preuzme u Rimu, pallium poslao Paskal II. Za vrijeme svog stolovanja je Ralph bio prilično aktivan u nastojanju da proširi ovlasti i uticaj svoje nadbiskupije. Tvrdio je da ona ima nadležćnost ne samo nad Engleskom, nego i nad Walesom i Škotskom. Neko vrijeme je čak bio u sukobu s papom Paskalom II.
11. jula 1119. je Ralph doživio moždani udar od koga je ostao djelomično paraliziran te više nije mogao jasno govoriti sve do smrti 20. oktobra 1122. Iza sebe je ostavio propovijed koju su zapisali njegovi suvremenici koja se danas čuva u Britanskoj biblioteci, a koja je iskopirana u oko pedesetak srednjovjekovnih rukopisa.
Izvori
Literatura
- Barlow, Frank (1979). The English Church 1066–1154: A History of the Anglo-Norman Church. New York: Longman. ISBN 0-582-50236-5.
- Bartlett, Robert C. (2000). England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings: 1075–1225. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-822741-8.
- Bethell, D. L. (1969). „English Black Monks and Episcopal Elections in the 1120s”. The English Historical Review 84 (333): 673–694. DOI:10.1093/ehr/LXXXIV.CCCXXXIII.673.
- Brett, Martin (2004). „Escures, Ralph d' (c.1068–1122)” ((potrebna pretplata članstvo u javnim bibliotekama UK)). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. DOI:10.1093/ref:odnb/23047. Pristupljeno 7 November 2007.
- Cantor, Norman F. (1958). Church, Kingship, and Lay Investiture in England 1089–1135. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. OCLC 2179163.
- Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology (Third revised izd.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
- Greenway, Diana E. (1971). Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: volume 2: Monastic cathedrals (northern and southern provinces): Archdeacons: Canterbury. Institute of Historical Research. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2009-06-16. Pristupljeno 11 April 2008.
- Greenway, Diana E. (1971). Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: volume 2: Monastic cathedrals (northern and southern provinces): Rochester: Bishops. Institute of Historical Research. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2012-02-14. Pristupljeno 11 April 2008.
- Greenway, Diana E. (1996). Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: volume 5: Chichester: Bishops. Institute of Historical Research. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2012-02-08. Pristupljeno 11 April 2008.
- Harvey, P. D. A.; McGuinness, Andrew (1996). A Guide to British Medieval Seals. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-0867-4.
- Hollister, C. Warren; Frost, Amanda Clark (ed.) (2001). Henry I. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-08858-2.
- Knowles, David; London, Vera C. M.; Brooke, Christopher (2001). The Heads of Religious Houses, England and Wales, 940–1216 (Second izd.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-80452-3.
- Knowles, David (1976). The Monastic Order in England: A History of its Development from the Times of St. Dunstan to the Fourth Lateran Council, 940–1216 (Second reprint izd.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-05479-6.
- Powell, J. Enoch; Wallis, Keith (1968). The House of Lords in the Middle Ages: A History of the English House of Lords to 1540. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. OCLC 263296875.
- Spear, David S. (1982). „The Norman Empire and the Secular Clergy, 1066–1204”. Journal of British Studies XXI (2): 1–10. DOI:10.1086/385787.
- Treharne, Elaine. „The Life of English in the Mid-Twelfth Century: Ralph d'Escures's Homily on the Virgin Mary”. u: Ruth Kennedy and Simon Meecham-Jones. Writers of the Reign of Henry II: Twelve Essays. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 169–186. ISBN 1-4039-6644-3.
- Vaughn, Sally N. (1987). Anselm of Bec and Robert of Meulan: The Innocence of the Dove and the Wisdom of the Serpent. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-05674-4.
Rimokatoličke crkvene titule | ||
---|---|---|
Prethodi: Gundulf | biskup Rochestera 1108–1114 | Slijedi: Ernulf |
Prethodi: Anselm od Canterburyja | nadbiskup Canterburyja 1114–1122 | Slijedi: William de Corbeil |
- p
- r
- u
Augustine • Laurentius • Mellitus • Justus • Honorius • Deusdedit • Wighard • Theodore of Tarsus • Berhtwald • Tatwine • Nothhelm • Cuthbert • Bregowine • Jænberht • Æthelhard • Wulfred • Feologild • Ceolnoth • Æthelred • Plegmund • Athelm • Wulfhelm • Oda • Ælfsige • Byrhthelm • Dunstan • Æthelgar • Sigeric the Serious • Ælfric of Abingdon • Ælfheah • Lyfing • Æthelnoth • Eadsige • Robert of Jumièges • Stigand
Lanfranc • Anselm • Ralph d'Escures • William de Corbeil • Theobald of Bec • Thomas Becket • Roger de Bailleul • Richard of Dover • Baldwin of Forde • Reginald Fitz Jocelin • Hubert Walter • Reginald • John de Gray • Stephen Langton • Walter d'Eynsham • Richard le Grant • Ralph Neville • John of Sittingbourne • John Blund • Edmund Rich • Boniface • William Chillenden • Robert Kilwardby • Robert Burnell • John Peckham • Robert Winchelsey • Thomas Cobham • Walter Reynolds • Simon Mepeham • John de Stratford • John de Ufford • Thomas Bradwardine • Simon Islip • William Edington • Simon Langham • William Whittlesey • Simon Sudbury • William Courtenay • Thomas Arundel • Roger Walden • Thomas Arundel • Henry Chichele • John Stafford • John Kemp • Thomas Bourchier • John Morton • Thomas Langton • Henry Deane • William Warham • Thomas Cranmer • Reginald Pole
Matthew Parker • Edmund Grindal • John Whitgift • Richard Bancroft • George Abbot • William Laud • William Juxon • Gilbert Sheldon • William Sancroft • John Tillotson • Thomas Tenison • William Wake • John Potter • Thomas Herring • Matthew Hutton • Thomas Secker • Frederick Cornwallis • John Moore • Charles Manners-Sutton • William Howley • John Sumner • Charles Longley • Archibald Tait • Edward Benson • Frederick Temple • Randall Davidson • Cosmo Lang • William Temple • Geoffrey Fisher • Michael Ramsey • Donald Coggan • Robert Runcie • George Carey • Rowan Williams