The Birth of a Nation

The Birth of a Nation
Poster rilis teatrikal
Sutradara	D. W. Griffith
Produser	D. W. Griffith Harry Aitken[1]
Skenario	D. W. Griffith Frank E. Woods
Berdasarkan	The Clansman karya T. F. Dixon Jr.
Pemeran	Lillian Gish Mae Marsh Henry B. Walthall Miriam Cooper Ralph Lewis George Siegmann Walter Long
Penata musik	Joseph Carl Breil
Sinematografer	G. W. Bitzer
Penyunting	D. W. Griffith
Perusahaan produksi	David W. Griffith Corp.
Distributor	Epoch Producing Co.
Tanggal rilis	08 Februari 1915 (1915-02-08)
Durasi	12 rol 133–193 minutes[2]
Negara	Amerika Serikat
Bahasa	Film bisu Intertitel Inggris
Anggaran	>$100,000[3]
Pendapatan kotor	tidak diketahui; sekitar $50–100 juta[4]

The Birth of a Nation (awalnya disebut The Clansman) adalah sebuah film drama epik bisu Amerika tahun 1915 yang disutradarai dan diproduksi oleh D. W. Griffith dan dibintangi oleh Lillian Gish. Skenarionya diadaptasi dari novel dan drama The Clansman, keduanya buatan Thomas Dixon Jr. Griffith menulis naskahnya (dengan Frank E. Woods), dan memproduksi film tersebut (dengan Harry Aitken). Film tersebut dirilis pada 8 Februari 1915.

Referensi

Daftar pustaka

• Addams, Jane, in Crisis: A Record of Darker Races, X (May 1915), 19, 41, and (June 1915), 88.
• Bogle, Donald. Toms, Coons, Mulattoes, Mammies and Bucks: An Interpretive History of Blacks in American Films (1973).
• Brodie, Fawn M. Thaddeus Stevens, Scourge of the South (New York, 1959), p. 86–93. Corrects the historical record as to Dixon's false representation of Stevens in this film with regard to his racial views and relations with his housekeeper.
• Chalmers, David M. Hooded Americanism: The History of the Ku Klux Klan (New York: 1965), p. 30 *Cook, Raymond Allen. Fire from the Flint: The Amazing Careers of Thomas Dixon (Winston-Salem, N.C., 1968).
• Franklin, John Hope. "Silent Cinema as Historical Mythmaker". In Myth America: A Historical Anthology, Volume II. 1997. Gerster, Patrick, and Cords, Nicholas. (editors.) Brandywine Press, St. James, NY. ISBN 978-1-881089-97-1
• Franklin, John Hope, "Propaganda as History" pp. 10–23 in Race and History: Selected Essays 1938–1988 (Louisiana State University Press, 1989); first published in The Massachusetts Review, 1979. Describes the history of the novel The Clan and this film.
• Franklin, John Hope, Reconstruction After the Civil War (Chicago, 1961), p. 5–7.
• Hickman, Roger. Reel Music: Exploring 100 Years of Film Music (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2006).
• Hodapp, Christopher L., and Alice Von Kannon, Conspiracy Theories & Secret Societies For Dummies (Hoboken: Wiley, 2008) p. 235–6.
• Korngold, Ralph, Thaddeus Stevens. A Being Darkly Wise and Rudely Great (New York: 1955) pp. 72–76. corrects Dixon's false characterization of Stevens' racial views and of his dealings with his housekeeper.
• Leab, Daniel J., From Sambo to Superspade (Boston, 1975), p. 23–39.
• New York Times, roundup of reviews of this film, March 7, 1915.
• The New Republica, II (March 20, 1915), 185
• Poole, W. Scott, Monsters in America: Our Historical Obsession with the Hideous and the Haunting (Waco, Texas: Baylor, 2011), 30. ISBN 978-1-60258-314-6
• Simkins, Francis B., "New Viewpoints of Southern Reconstruction", Journal of Southern History, V (February, 1939), pp. 49–61.
• Stokes, Melvyn (2007), D. W. Griffith's The Birth of a Nation: A History of "The Most Controversial Motion Picture of All Time", New York: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0198044364 . The latest study of the film's making and subsequent career.
• Williamson, Joel, After Slavery: The Negro in South Carolina During Reconstruction (Chapel Hill, 1965). This book corrects Dixon's false reporting of Reconstruction, as shown in his novel, his play and this film.

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