Pierre Charles L'Enfant
Pierre Charles L'Enfant (bahasa Prancis: [pjɛʁ ʃɑʁl lɑ̃fɑ̃]; 2 Agustus 1754 – 14 Juni 1825), yang mengidentifikasikan dirinya sendiri sebagai Peter Charles L'Enfant saat tinggal di Amerika Serikat, adalah seorang insinyur militer Prancis-Amerika yang mendesain rencana dasar untuk Washington, D.C. (ibu kota AS) yang sekarang dikenal sebagai Rencana L'Enfant (1791).
Masa kecil dan pendidikan
L'Enfant lahir di Paris, Prancis pada 2 Agustus 1754.
Catatan
Referensi
- Berg, Scott W. (2007). Grand Avenues: The Story of the French Visionary Who Designed Washington, D.C. Pantheon Books. ISBN 978-0-375-42280-5. OCLC 70267127.
- Bowling, Kenneth R (2002). Peter Charles L'Enfant: vision, honor, and male friendship in the early American Republic. Washington, D.C.: George Washington University. ISBN 0972761101. LCCN 2003385101. OCLC 606900534. Diakses tanggal June 24, 2017 – via Google Books.
- Sterling, Christopher (May 2003). "Revisiting an Old Controversy: Review of Bowling, Kenneth R. (2002), Peter Charles L'Enfant: vision, honor, and male friendship in the early American Republic". H-DC: H-Net Reviews: H-Net Humanities and Social Sciences Online. East Lansing, Michigan: The Center for Humane Arts, Letters, and Social Sciences Online: Department of History: Michigan State University. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal June 24, 2017. Diakses tanggal June 24, 2017.
- Bryan, Wilhelmus Bogart (1914). A History of the National Capital from its Foundation through the Period of the Adoption of the Organic Act. 1: 1790-1814. New York: The MacMillan Company. OCLC 902842081. Diakses tanggal December 27, 2017 – via HathiTrust Digital Library.
- Caemmerer, H. Paul (1970). The Life of Pierre Charles L'Enfant. Da Capo Press. ISBN 0306713810. OCLC 99500.
- Jusserand, Jean Jules (1916). Major L'Enfant and the Federal City. With Americans of Past and Present Days. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. hlm. 137–195. OCLC 1075914 – via Google Books.
- Kite, Elizabeth Sarah (1929). L'Enfant and Washington, 1791–1792. Johns Hopkins University Press. OCLC 2898164.
- Morgan, James Dudley, M.D. (1899). "Maj. Pierre Charles L'Enfant, The Unhonored and Unrewarded Engineer". Records of the Columbia Historical Society. Washington, D.C.: Columbia Historical Society. 2: 118–157. Diakses tanggal August 15, 2011 – via Google Books.
- Stewart, John (1899). "Early Maps and Surveyors of the City of Washington, D.C." Records of the Columbia Historical Society. Washington, D.C.: Columbia Historical Society. 2: 48–71. Diakses tanggal August 15, 2011 – via Google Books.
- Worthington, Glen (May 1, 2005). "The Vision of Pierre L'Enfant: A City to Inspire, A Plan to Preserve". Georgetown Law Historic Preservation Papers Series. Paper 9. Diakses tanggal September 2, 2011.
Bacaan tambahan
- Mann, Nicholas, The Sacred Geometry of Washington, D.C.: The Integrity and Power of the Original Design, Green Magic 2006. ISBN 0-9547230-7-4, ISBN 978-0-9547230-7-1
- Ovason, David, The Secret Architecture of Our Nation's Capital: the Masons and the building of Washington, D.C., New York City: Perennial, 2002. ISBN 0-06-019537-1 ISBN 978-0060195373
- Stephenson, Richard W. (1993). A Plan Whol[l]y new : Pierre Charles L'Enfant's Plan of the City of Washington. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. ISBN 0844406996. LCCN 92028798. OCLC 606533104. Diakses tanggal June 22, 2017 – via Google Books.
Pranala luar
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Pierre Charles L'Enfant.
Wikisumber memiliki naskah asli yang berkaitan dengan artikel ini:
Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Pierre-Charles L'Enfant
- (Inggris) Pierre Charles L'Enfant di Find a Grave
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