Pertempuran El Alamein Pertama
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Pertempuran El Alamein Pertama (1–27 Juli 1942) adalah sebuah pertempuran dari Kampanye Gurun Barat dari Perang Dunia Kedua, yang terjadi di pesisir utara Mesir antara pasukan blok Poros (Jerman dan Italia) dari Tentara Panzer Afrika (Panzerarmee Afrika) (juga dikenal sebagai Korps Afrika) yang dikomandani oleh Jenderal Besar (Generalfeldmarschall) Erwin Rommel yang berjuluk "Rubah Gurun" dan pasukan Sekutu (Kekaisaran Britania, India Britania, Australia, Afrika Selatan dan Selandia Baru) dari Tentara Kedelapan, yang dikomandani oleh Jenderal Claude Auchinleck.
Posisi blok Poros berada di dekat El Alamein, yang hanya berjarak 66 mi (106 km) dari Iskandariyah
Catatan
Catatan kaki
- ^ Dilaporkan kekuatan pada 30 Juni (55 tank Jerman dan 15 tank Italia). Sejumlah tank yang tidak diketahui juga berada di bengkel di belakang bagian depan.
- ^ Kekuatan di garis depan pada 1 Juli. 902 tank di bengkel perbaikan di belakang bagian depan, 34 di antaranya dapat diservis dan banyak yang tidak dapat diperbaiki.
- ^ Korban Italia tidak diketahui, tetapi Sekutu mengambil 7.000 tahanan Jerman dan Italia.[4]
Kutipan
Referensi
- Alanbrooke, Field Marshal Lord (2002) [1957]. Danchev, Alex; Todman, Daniel, ed. War Diaries 1939–1945 (edisi ke-re-edit.). London: Phoenix Press. ISBN 1-84212-526-5.
- Barr, Niall (2005) [2004]. Pendulum of war: the three battles of El Alamein. London: Pimlico. ISBN 0-7126-6827-6.
- Bates, Peter (1992). Dance of war: the story of the Battle of Egypt. London: L. Cooper. ISBN 0-85052-453-9.
- Bharucha, P.C.; Prasad, Bisheshwar (1956). The North African campaign, 1940–43. Official history of the Indian Armed Forces in the Second World War, 1939–45. Delhi: Combined Inter-Services Historical Section, India & Pakistan. OCLC 563270.
- Caccia-Dominioni, Paolo (1966). Alamein 1933–1962: An Italian Story. Allen & Unwin.
- Clifford, Alexander (1943). Three Against Rommel: The Campaigns of Wavell, Auchinleck and Alexander. London: George G. Harrap & Co.
- Gannon, James (2002) [2001]. Stealing Secrets, Telling Lies: How Spies and Codebreakers Helped Shape the Twentieth Century. Washington DC: Brassey. ISBN 1-57488-473-5.
- Hinsley, F.H.; Thomas, E.E.; Ransom, C. F. G.; Knight, R. C. (1981). British Intelligence in the Second World War. Its influence on Strategy and Operations. Volume Two. London: HMSO. ISBN 0 11 630934 2.
- Johnston, Mark (2000). Fighting the Enemy: Australian soldiers and their adversaries in World War II. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-78222-8.
- Johnston, Mark; Stanley, Peter (2002). Alamein: The Australian Story. South Melbourne, Victoria: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-551630-3.
- Johnston, Mark (2003). That Magnificent 9th: An Illustrated History of the 9th Australian Division. Allen & Unwin. ISBN 1-86508-654-1.
- Lanza, Colonel Conrad H. "Perimeters in Paragraphs: The Axis Invades Egypt" (PDF). The Field Artillery Journal (September 1942). Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2008-02-27. Diakses tanggal 2015-10-27.
- Latimer, Jon (2002). Alamein. London: John Murray. ISBN 0-7195-6203-1.
- Lewin, Ronald (1977). The Life and Death of the Afrika Korps: A Biography. Batsford.
- Mackenzie, Compton (1951). Eastern Epic. London: Chatto & Windus.
- Mitcham, Samuel W. (2007) [1982]. Rommel's Desert War: The Life and Death of the Afrika Korps. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books. ISBN 978-0-8117-3413-4.
- Maughan, Barton (1966). Official History of Australia in the Second World War Volume III – Tobruk and El Alamein. Canberra: Australian War Memorial. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-09-08. Diakses tanggal 2015-10-27.
- Playfair, Major-General I.S.O.; with Flynn R.N., Captain F.C.; Molony, Brigadier C.J.C. & Gleave, Group Captain T.P. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO 1960]. Butler, J.R.M, ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume III: British Fortunes reach their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942). History of the Second World War United Kingdom Military Series. Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84574-067-X.
- Rommel, Erwin; Pimlott, John (1994). Rommel: in his own words. London: Greenhill Books. ISBN 978-1-85367-185-2.
- Scoullar, J. L. (1955). Kippenberger, Howard, ed. The Battle for Egypt: The Summer of 1942. The Official History of New Zealand in the Second World War, 1939–1945. Wellington: Historical Publications Branch. OCLC 2999615. Diakses tanggal 2 November 2007.
- Stewart, Adrian (2002). The Early Battles of Eighth Army: 'Crusader' to the Alamein Line 1941–1942. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Leo Cooper. ISBN 0-85052-851-8.
- Watson, Bruce Allen (2007) [1999]. Exit Rommel. Mechanicsburg PA: Stackpole Books. ISBN 978-0-8117-3381-6.
Pranala luar
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai First Battle of El Alamein.
- First Battle of El Alamein, from Italian "Comando Supremo"
- Royal Engineers Museum Diarsipkan 2009-05-03 di Wayback Machine. Royal Engineers and Second World War (Deception and mine clearance at EL Alamein)
- 1st Alamein a free/educational lunch-hour boardgame of the battle, to print off, assemble, and play
- Alam Halfa and Alamein New Zealand Electronic Text Centre
- Battles of El Alamein
- Templat:Cwgc cemetery
Koordinat: 30°50′N 28°57′E / 30.833°N 28.950°E / 30.833; 28.950
