Operasi Sonnenblume
Operasi Sonnenblume (Unternehmen Sonnenblume/Operasi Bunga Matahari) adalah nama yang diberikan kepada serangan pasukan Jerman ke Afrika Utara pada Februari 1941, saat Perang Dunia Kedua. Pasukan Jerman menyerang sisa-sisa pasukan Italia di Libya, setelah Tentara ke-10 Italia dihancurkan oleh serangan-serangan Inggris saat Operasi Compass (9 Desember 1940 – 9 Februari 1941). Unit-unit pertama diberangkatkan dari Napoli ke Afrika dan sampai pada 11 Februari. Pada 14 Februari, unit-unit pertama dari Divisi Afrika Ringan ke-5 (kemudian berganti nama menjadi Divisi Panzer ke-21), Aufklärungsbataillon 3 (Batalion Rekonansi 3) dan Panzerjägerabteilung 39 (Detasemen Pemburu Tank 39) datang ke Tripoli, Libya dan dikirim ke garis depan di Sirte.
Catatan
Catatan kaki
Referensi
- Bauer, E. (2000) [1979]. Young, Peter, ed. The History of World War II (edisi ke-Orbis: London, rev.). New York: Galahad Books. ISBN 978-1-85605-552-9.
- Carver, M. (2002) [1986]. Dilemmas of the Desert War: The Libyan Campaign 1940–1942 (edisi ke-Spellmount). Staplehurst: Batsford. ISBN 978-1-86227-153-1.
- Cooper, Matthew (1978). The German Army 1933–1945: Its Political and Military Failure. Briarcliff Manor, NY: Stein and Day. ISBN 978-0-8128-2468-1.
- Creveld, M. van (1977). Supplying War: Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-29793-6.
- French, David (2001) [2000]. Raising Churchill's Army: The British Army and the War against Germany 1919–1945. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-924630-4.
- Hoffman, K. (2004). Erwin Rommel. London: Brassey's. ISBN 978-1-85753-374-3.
- Jentz, T. L. (1998). Tank Combat In North Africa: The Opening Rounds, Operations Sonnenblume, Brevity, Skorpion and Battleaxe, February 1941 – June 1941. Atglen, PN: Schiffer. ISBN 978-0-7643-0226-8.
- Lewin, R. (1998) [1968]. Rommel As Military Commander. New York: B&N Books. ISBN 978-0-7607-0861-3.
- Long, Gavin (1961). "12, The Capture of Giarabub" (PDF). To Benghazi. Australia in the War of 1939–1945 Series 1 – Army. I. Canberra: Australian War Memorial. hlm. 287–304. OCLC 3134176. Diakses tanggal 20 October 2015.
- Luck, Hans von (1989). Panzer Commander: The Memoirs of Colonel Hans von Luck. New York: Dell (Random House). ISBN 978-0-440-20802-0.
- Pitt, B. (2001) [1980]. The Crucible of War: Wavell's Command. I (edisi ke-Cassell). London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN 978-0-304-35950-9.
- Playfair, Major-General I. S. O.; with Stitt RN, Commander G. M. S.; Molony, Brigadier C. J. C. & Toomer, Air Vice-Marshal S. E. (1954). Butler, J. R. M., ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. I. HMSO. ISBN 978-1-84574-065-8.
- Playfair, Major-General I. S. O.; with Flynn RN, Captain F. C.; Molony, Brigadier C. J. C. & Toomer, Air Vice-Marshal S. E. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO 1956]. Butler, J. R. M., ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Germans Come to the Help of their Ally (1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. II. Naval & Military Press. ISBN 978-1-84574-066-5.
- Raugh, H. E. (1993). Wavell in the Middle East, 1939–1941: A Study in Generalship. London: Brassey's. ISBN 978-0-08-040983-2.
- Richardson, Tom (2010). The Siege of Giarabub December 1940 – March 1941 (PDF). SVSS Paper. no ISBN. Canberra: Australian War Memorial. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2018-12-21. Diakses tanggal 23 February 2015.
- Shales, J. (2015). A Detailed Fighting Account of the 2nd Armoured Division, 9th Australian Division, 3rd Indian Motor Brigade, 7th Support Group and 22nd Guards Brigade in Combat with the Afrikakorps and Units of the Ariete, Brescia, Bologna, Pavia and Trento Divisions: February – May 1941. Infantry, Artillery and Tank Combat in Libya and Egypt. I. Rainham, Kent: Armour. ISBN 978-0-9931732-0-2.
- The Rise and Fall of the German Air Force. Public Record Office War Histories. Air 41/10 (edisi ke-repr.). Richmond, Surrey: Air Ministry. 2001 [1948]. ISBN 978-1-903365-30-4.
- Wilmot, C. (1993) [1944]. Tobruk 1941 (edisi ke-Penguin). Sydney: Halstead Press. ISBN 978-0-670-07120-3.
Bacaan tambahan
- Murphy, N. K. (2011). The "Lost" Battle of Mersa el Brega Libyan Desert, 31 March 1941 (Tesis PhD). Hull University. OCLC 809549608. https://hydra.hull.ac.uk/assets/hull:5595a/content. Diakses pada 28 March 2015.
- Rommel, Erwin; Liddell Hart, B. (1982) [1953]. The Rommel Papers. New York: Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-80157-4.
- Schreiber, P. K. (1998). Rommel's Desert War, The Impact of Logistics on Operational Art (PDF) (Laporan). Newport, RI: Naval War College. OCLC 831666288. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2017-02-20. Diakses tanggal 20 March 2015.
- Young, Desmond (1950). Rommel, The Desert Fox. New York: Harper & Row. OCLC 48067797.
Pranala luar
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Operation Sonnenblume.
- Chadwick, Rommel's First Offensive
- Kirkland Rommel's Desert Campaigns
- Italian tables of organisation
- British tables of organisation
