Hadhrami

Hadhrami
الحضارم
Imigran Hadhrami di Surabaya, 1920
Daerah dengan populasi signifikan
Bahasa
Terutama: Bahasa Arab Hadhrami
Juga: Urdu dan Tamil (di Asia Selatan), Melayu dan Indonesia (di Asia Tenggara), dan Swahili (di Afrika Timur)
Agama
Islam (Sunni, Syafi'i, Sufi), Kristen dan Yudaisme
Kelompok etnik terkait
Orang Arab, Arab-Indonesia
Bendera Hadhrami

Orang Hadhrami (Arab: حضرميcode: ar is deprecated , satuan) atau Hadharem (Arab: الحضارمcode: ar is deprecated , jamak.) adalah sekelompok penduduk nomaden yang berasal dari wilayah Hadhramaut, Yaman dan keturunan mereka membuat suatu komunitas diaspora di seluruh dunia. Mereka menggunakan Bahasa Arab Hadhrami, yangtermasuk kedalam bahasa Semitik cebang dari keluarga bahasa Afro-Asiatik.

Diaspora

Orang Hadhrami menyebar melalui Samudra Hindia dari tanduk Afrika ke pantai Swahil, hingga Pantai Malabar dan Hyderabad di India Selatan, Sri Lanka ke Asia Tenggara.[1] Komunitas Hadhrami juga dapat ditemui di pesisir Arab Saudi, tepatnya di kota Jeddah.[2][3][4] [5] Beberapa komuntas Hadhrami juga dilaporkan muncul di Mozambik dan Madagaskar.[6]

Hadhrami Yahudi

Dahulu wilayah Hadhramaut merupakan wilayah kekuasaan Yahudi. Orang-orang Yahudi Hadhrami sekarang pindah dan menetap di Israel.[7]

Bahasa

Masyarakat Hadhrami mempertuturkan bahasa Arab Hadhrami, sebuah bahasa dari cabang Afro-Asiatik dan bahasa Semitik, walaupun orang-orang yang telah pindah dan membentuk komunitas diaspora mempertuturkan bahasa lokal dimana tempat mereka tinggal.

Komunitas diaspora

Tokoh Hadrami

Pantai Swahili

Afrika Utara

  • Artega tribe, Babkeer, Sudan

Tanduk Afrika

India

Gujarat Bin Husaini, Harthi, Al Hamad, Al Amudi, Al Maheali, Al jufri, Al Attas, Al Adroos, Banafa, Bahadad, ofthani, Magrebi, Rehan, Bajuba, Al kasiri, Al Kathiri., Ba Musa, Yafai. Nehdi, Laheji, Bahajaj, Yamni, Bagaut, Makki, Binishag, Binnaubi, Jafai, Tamimi, Al Rumi, BaSalam, Bahalwan, Harsi

Indonesia

  • Habib Hasan bin Muhammad bin Hasan bin Hamid bin Ali bin Alwi bin Abdullah bin Alwi Al Haddad, Mbah Priok, Jakut
  • Habib Idrus bin Salim bin Alwi bin Seggaf bin Alwi bin Abdullah bin Husein bin Salim bin Idrus bin Muhammad Al Jufri, Palu, Sulawesi
  • Habib Musthofa bin Abdullah bin Idrus bin Hasan Al Bahar bin Shaleh bin Idrus bin Abubakar bin Hadi bin Said bin Syaichan bin Muhammad, Ayah Wali Mastur Habib Syaikhan bin Musthofa Al Bahar
  • sayyidil walid Habib Seggaf bin Ahmad bin Abdul Qadir bin Ali bin Umar bin Seggaf bin Muhammad bin Umar bin Thoha bin Umar Asshofi Assegaf
  • sayyidil walid Habib Abdurrahman bin Ahmad bin Abdul Qadir bin Ali bin Umar bin Seggaf bin Muhammad bin Umar bin Thoha bin Umar Asshofi Assegaf, Bukit duri, Jakarta
  • Habib Ali bin sayyidil walid Habib Abdurrahman bin Ahmad bin Abdul Qadir bin Ali bin Umar bin Seggaf bin Muhammad bin Umar bin Thoha bin Umar Asshofi Assegaf
  • Habib Alwi bin sayyidil walid Habib Abdurrahman bin Ahmad bin Abdul Qadir bin Ali bin Umar bin Seggaf bin Muhammad bin Umar bin Thoha bin Umar Asshofi Assegaf
  • Habib Muhammad bin sayyidil walid Habib Abdurrahman bin Ahmad bin Abdul Qadir bin Ali bin Umar bin Seggaf bin Muhammad bin Umar bin Thoha bin Umar Asshofi Assegaf
  • Habib Umar bin sayyidil walid Habib Abdurrahman bin Ahmad bin Abdul Qadir bin Ali bin Umar bin Seggaf bin Muhammad bin Umar bin Thoha bin Umar Asshofi Assegaf
  • Habib Abubakar bin sayyidil walid Habib Abdurrahman bin Ahmad bin Abdul Qadir bin Ali bin Umar bin Seggaf bin Muhammad bin Umar bin Thoha bin Umar Asshofi Assegaf

Timor Leste

Malaysia

Singapura

  • Syed Mohamed Alsagoff, saudagar
  • Syed Mohamed Syed Ahmad Alsagoff, pemimpin militer
  • Syed Sharif Omar bin Ali Al Junied, saudagar. Namanya digunakan dalam nama jalan, yaitu Aljunied Road[9]

Asia Selatan

Arab Saudi

  • bin Laden family
  • Mohammed Al Amoudi, pebisnis

Yaman

  • Abd Al-Rahman Ali Al-Jifri, politikus
  • Abdulaziz Al-Saqqaf, aktivis HAM
  • Faisal Bin Shamlan, politikus
  • Habib Ali al-Jifri, Cendekiawan Muslim
  • Habib Umar bin Hafiz, Cendekiawan Muslim
  • Habib Abdullah bin Alwi al-Haddad, Sufi Wali
  • Imam Muhammad al-Faqih Muqaddam, pendiri Ba'alawi Sufi
  • Sayyid Abu Bakr Al-Aidarus (Wali)

Lihat pula

Catatan

  1. ^ Ho, Engseng. 2006. Graves of Tarim. University of California Press. Berkeley. passim
  2. ^ Jean-François Seznec The Financial Markets of the Arabian Gulf, Routledge, 1987
  3. ^ Cassanelli, Lee V. (1973). "The Benaadir past: essays in southern Somali history". University of Wisconsin: 24. 
  4. ^ Gavin, R. J. (1975). Aden under British rule, 1839–1967. London: Hurst. hlm. 198. ISBN 0-903983-14-1. 
  5. ^ Helen Chapin Metz, Somalia: a country study, (The Division: 1993), p.10.
  6. ^ Francoise Le Guennec, Changing Patterns of Hadhrami Migration and Social Integration in East Africa in Hadhrami Traders, Scholars and Statesmen in the Indian Ocean, 1750s-1960s, Edited by Ulrike Freitag and William G. Clarence-Smith, BRILL, 1997, pg 165
  7. ^ "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-12-16. Diakses tanggal 2016-11-01. 
  8. ^ "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-05-03. Diakses tanggal 2016-11-01. 
  9. ^ "Arab trader's role in Singapore landmark". The Straits Times. 24 September 2015. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-05-07. Diakses tanggal 5 July 2016. 

Referensi

  • Official Website of the Al-Quaiti Royal Family of Hadhramaut Diarsipkan 2020-05-04 di Wayback Machine.

Bacaan lanjutan

  • Leif Manger, The Hadrami Diaspora: Community-building on the Indian Ocean Rim Diarsipkan 2016-11-03 di Wayback Machine., Berghahn Books, 2010
  • Omar Khulaidi, The Arabs of Hadramawt in Hyderabad in Mediaeval Deccan History, eds Kulkarni, Naeem and de Souza, Popular Prakashan, Bombay, 1996
  • Leif Manger, Hadramis in Hyderabad: From Winners to Losers Diarsipkan 2012-10-21 di Wayback Machine., Asian Journal of Social Science, Volume 35, Numbers 4-5, 2007, pp. 405–433(29)
  • Engseng Ho, The Graves of Tarim: Genealogy and Mobility across the Indian Ocean, University of California Press, 2006
  • Ababu Minda Yimene, An African Indian community in Hyderabad, Cuvillier Verlag, 2004, pg 201
  • Natalie Mobini-Kesheh, The Hadrami Awakening: Community and Identity in the Netherlands East Indies, 1900-1942, SEAP Publications, 1999
  • Anne K. Bang, Sufis and Scholars of the Sea: Family Networks in East Africa, 1860-1925, Routledge, 2003
  • AHMED BIN SALAM BAHIYAL who came from hadramaut to MAHABUBNAGAR ( HYDERABAD ) INDIA
  • Linda Boxberger, On the Edge of Empire: Hadhramawt, Emigration, and the Indian Ocean, 1880s-1930s, SUNY Press, 2002
  • Ulrike Freitag, Hadhramaut: A Religious Centre for the Indian Ocean in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries?, Studia Islamica, No. 89 (1999), pp. 165–183
  • The Hadhrami Diaspora in Southeast Asia: Identity Maintenance or Assimilation?, edited by Ahmed Ibrahim Abushouk and Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim, BRILL, 2009
  • A Hadrami Diaspora in the Sudan in Diasporas Within and Without Africa: Dynamism, Hetereogeneity, Variation edited by Leif O. Manger and Munzoul A. M. Assal, Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2006, pg 61
  • Abdullah Hassan Al-Saqqaf, The Linguistics of Loanwords in Hadrami Arabic, International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, Volume 9, Issue 1 January 2006, pages 75 – 93
  • Hadhrami Traders, Scholars and Statesmen in the Indian Ocean, 1750s-1960s Edited by Ulrike Freitag and William G. Clarence-Smith, BRILL, 1997
  • Frode F. Jacobsen, Hadrami Arabs in Present-day Indonesia, Taylor & Francis, 2009
  • Patricia W. Romero, Lamu: History, Society, and Family in an East African Port City, Markus Wiener Publishers, 1997, pp 93 – 108, 167- 184
  • Mona Abaza, M. Asad Shahab: A Portrait of an Indonesian Hadrami Who Bridged the Two Worlds in Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, Movement, and the Longue Durée, edited by Eric Tagliacozzo, NUS Press, 2009, pp 250 – 274
  • Jonathan Miran, Red Sea Translocals: Hadrami Migration, Entrepreneurship, and Strategies of Integration in Eritrea, 1840s-1970s[pranala nonaktif permanen], Northeast African Studies, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2012, pp. 129–168.
  • Ulrike Freitag, From Golden Youth in Arabia to Business Leaders in Singapore: Instructions of a Hadrami Patriarch in Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, Movement, and the Longue Durée, edited by Eric Tagliacozzo, NUS Press, 2009, pp 235 – 249
  • Talib, Ameen, Hadramis in Singapore, Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, vol 17 no. 1 (April 1997): 89- 97 (UK).
  • Syed Muhd Khairudin Aljunied, The Role of Hadramis in Post-Second World War Singapore - A Reinterpretation, Immigrants & Minorities, Volume 25, Issue 2 July 2007, pages 163 - 183
  • Iain Walker, Hadramis, Shimalis and Muwalladin: Negotiating Cosmopolitan Identities between the Swahili Coast and Southern Yemen, Journal of Eastern African Studies, Volume 2, Issue 1 March 2008, pages 44 – 59
  • Shanti Sadiq Ali, The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times, Orient Blackswan, 1996, pp 193–202
  • Al-Saqqaf, Abdullah (2012) "Arabic Literature in Diaspora: an Example from South Asia" in: Rizio Yohannan Raj (ed.): Quest of a Discipline: New Academic Directions for Comparative Literature (Cambridge University Press, India) doi:10.1017/CBO9788175969346.018