United Nations Observer Mission in South Africa : History, Budget, Bibliography, Further reading Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

United Nations Observer Mission in South Africa

United Nations peacekeeping mission to South Africa from 1992–94

United Nations Observer Mission in South Africa

Abbreviation	UNOMSA
Formation	17 August 1992 (1992-08-17)
Dissolved	27 June 1994 (1994-06-27)
Headquarters	Johannesburg, South Africa
Parent organization	United Nations Security Council

The United Nations Observer Mission in South Africa (UNOMSA) was a United Nations peacekeeping mission to South Africa from 1992 to 1994. The mission was led by Angela King and was headquartered in Johannesburg, with a regional office in Durban.^[1]

History

Background

Establishment

The United Nations Observer Mission in South Africa was established on 17 August 1992 by United Nations Security Council Resolution 772.^[2] The first 13 observers arrived in South Africa on 13 September.^[3]

On 14 January 1994, United Nations Security Council Resolution 894 expanded the role of the mission to include election monitoring.^[4]

The mission ended on 27 June 1994.^[5]

Budget

From 1994 to 1995, the United States contributed US$6,336,200 to the mission.^[6]

References

Citations

^ United Nations 1994, p. 107.
^ Ndulo 1995, p. 214.
^ Ndulo 1995, p. 215.
^ Ndulo 1995, p. 228.
^ Ndulo 1995, p. 236.
^ U.S. Participation in the UN: A Report by the President to Congress for the Year 1994. Washington D.C: United States Department of State. 1995. p. 228.

Bibliography

Ndulo, Muna (1995). "United Nations Observer Mission in South Africa (UNOMSA): Security Council Resolutions 772 (1992) and 894 (1994) and the South African Transition: Preventive Diplomacy and Peacekeeping". African Yearbook of International Law. 3 (1): 205–238. doi:10.1163/221161795X00105. ISSN 2211-6176.
United Nations (1994). The United Nations and Apartheid: 1948-1994. New York: United Nations Department of Public Information. ISBN 978-92-1-100546-2. OCLC 1036963820.

Evans, Graham (1994). "The role of the United Nations' observer mission in South Africa's elections". Representation. 32 (119). Routledge: 61–63. doi:10.1080/00344899438439049. eISSN 1749-4001. ISSN 0034-4893. LCCN 2003200733. OCLC 610465376.
Anglin, Douglas G. (October 1995). "International Monitoring of the Transition to Democracy in South Africa, 1992-1994". African Affairs. 94 (377). Oxford University Press: 519–543. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098872. JSTOR 723606.

United Nations Peacekeeping Operations

Current missions

Africa	MINURSO (1991) MONUSCO (2010) UNISFA (2011) UNMISS (2011) MINUSCA (2014) UNITAM (2020)
Americas	Inactive
Asia & Pacific	UNMOGIP (1949)
Europe	UNFICYP (1964) UNMIK (1999)
Middle East	UNTSO (1948) UNDOF (1974) UNIFIL (1978)

Past missions

Africa	ONUC (1960–1964) UNTAG (1989–1990) UNAVEM I (1989–1991) UNAVEM II (1991–1995) UNOSOM I (1992–1993) ONUMOZ (1992–1994) UNOSOM II (1993–1995) UNOMUR (1993–1994) UNOMIL (1993–1997) UNAMIR (1993–1996) UNASOG (1994) UNAVEM III (1995–1997) MONUA (1997–1999) MINURCA (1998–2000) UNOMSIL (1998–1999) UNAMSIL (1999–2005) MONUC (1999–2010) UNMEE (2000–2008) MINUCI (2003–2004) UNMIL (2003–2018) UNOCI (2004–2017) ONUB (2004–2006) UNMIS (2005–2011) MINURCAT (2007–2010) UNAMID (2007–2020) MINUSMA (2013–2023)
Americas	DOMREP (1965–1966) ONUCA (1989–1992) ONUSAL (1991–1995) UNMIH (1993–1996) UNSMIH (1996–1997) MINUGUA (1997) UNTMIH (1997) MIPONUH (1997–2000) MINUSTAH (2004–2017) MINUJUSTH (2017–2019)
Asia & Pacific	UNSF (1962–1963) UNIPOM (1965–1966) UNGOMAP (1988–1990) UNAMIC (1991–1992) UNTAC (1992–1993) UNMOT (1994–2000) UNMISET (2002–2005) UNMIT (2006–2012)
Europe	UNPROFOR (1992–1995) UNOMIG (1993–2009) UNCRO (1995–1996) UNPREDEP (1995–1999) UNMIBH (1995–2002) UNTAES (1996–1998) UNMOP (1996–2002) UNCPSG (1996–2002)
Middle East	UNEF I (1956–1967) UNOGIL (1958) UNYOM (1963–1964) UNEF II (1973–1979) UNIIMOG (1988–1991) UNIKOM (1991–2003) UNSMIS (2012)