List of prestige dialects

A prestige dialect is the dialect that is considered most prestigious by the members of that speech community. In nearly all cases, the prestige dialect is also the dialect spoken by the most prestigious members of that community, often the people who have political, economic, or social power.

A

C

D

E

F

G

H

M

P

S

T

U

See also

Notes

  1. ^ islamonline.net Archived 2011-02-20 at the Wayback Machine: "‘Germanus’ [...] looked forward to Cairo, to be entertained by listening the (Classical) Arabic language [...] He was shocked [...] for who were laughing at him for his speaking in (Classical) Arabic and they answered him back with vernacular vocabulary..."
  2. ^ Solomon, Zomaya S. (1994). Basic sentence structure in Assyrian Aramaic, Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies, VIII/1:83-107
  3. ^ Maclean, Arthur John (1895). Grammar of the dialects of vernacular Syriac: as spoken by the Eastern Syrians of Kurdistan, north-west Persia, and the Plain of Mosul: with notices of the vernacular of the Jews of Azerbaijan and of Zakhu near Mosul. Cambridge University Press, London.
  4. ^ Solomon, Zomaya S. (1997). Functional and other exotic sentences in Assyrian Aramaic, Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies, XI/2:44-69.
  5. ^ Norman, Jerry (1988), Chinese, Cambridge University Press, p. 215, ISBN 978-0-521-29653-3
  6. ^ Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World, p. 219
  7. ^ "Chinese, Min Nan".
  8. ^ M. van der Wal, Geschiedenis van het Nederlands, 1992. ISBN 90-274-1839-X
  9. ^ Wilson, Kenneth G (1993). The Columbia Guide to Standard American English. New York: Columbia University Press.
  10. ^ Nolasco, Ricardo Ma. (24 August 2007). "Filipino and Tagalog, Not So Simple". svillafania.philippinepen.ph. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  11. ^ "Filipino, not English, is the country's lingua franca". inquirer.net. 2014.
  12. ^ "Overview". Archived from the original on 2007-12-23. Retrieved 2007-08-16.
  13. ^ Leo P. Chall (1961). Sociological abstracts. Sociological Abstracts. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  14. ^ "Marathi language | Definition, History, Alphabet, & Facts". Encyclopædia Britannica. 1998. Retrieved 9 August 2017.
  15. ^ Punjabi University, Patiala.
  16. ^ Grierson, George A. (1916). Linguistic Survey of India. Vol. IX Indo-Aryan family. Central group, Part 1, Specimens of western Hindi and Pañjābī. Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India. p. 609.
  17. ^ Schiffman, Harold (1997). "Diglossia as a Sociolinguistic Situation", in Florian Coulmas (ed.), The Handbook of Sociolinguistics. London: Basil Blackwell, Ltd. pp. 205 ff.
  18. ^ Dictionary of Languages: The Definitive Reference to More Than 400 Languages By Andrew Dalby, Columbia University Press, page no. 301, ISBN 0-231-11569-5
  19. ^ Andrew Simpson (2007). Language and national identity in Asia. Oxford University Press. Standard Thai is a form of Central Thai based on the variety of Thai spoken earlier by the elite of the court, and now by the educated middle and upper classes of Bangkok. It ... was standardized in grammar books in the nineteenth century, and spread dramatically from the 1930s onwards, when public education became much more widespread
  20. ^ Peansiri Vongvipanond (Summer 1994). "Linguistic Perspectives of Thai Culture". paper presented to a workshop of teachers of social science. University of New Orleans. p. 2. Retrieved 26 April 2011. The dialect one hears on radio and television is the Bangkok dialect, considered the standard dialect.
  21. ^ Antonio L. Rappa; Lionel Wee (2006), Language Policy and Modernity in Southeast Asia: Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, Springer, pp. 114–115
  22. ^ Campbell, George (1995). "Turkish". Concise compendium of the world's languages. London: Routledge. p. 547.
  23. ^ "En iyi İstanbul Türkçesini kim konuşur?". Milliyet. Retrieved 2017-12-30.
  24. ^ a b Miriam Butt (1995). The structure of complex predicates in Urdu. Center for the Study of Language and Information. p. 8. ISBN 9781881526582. Retrieved 31 December 2011. The Urdu spoken in Lucknow is held to be the representative of pure Urdu.
  25. ^ a b Anwar S. Dil (1965). Studies in Pakistani linguistics. Linguistic Research Group of Pakistan. Retrieved 31 December 2011. However, the dialect which enjoys the highest prestige is the Delhi-Lucknow Urdu.
  26. ^ a b Christopher Rolland King (9 December 1999). One language, two scripts: the Hindi movement in nineteenth century north India. Oxford University Press. p. 24. ISBN 9780195651126. Retrieved 31 December 2011. A line of major Urdu poets arose in Delhi and continued well into the nineteenth century, while somewhat later poets in the eastern UP city of Lucknow began to rival their colleagues in Delhi.