List of countries by total renewable water resources

Global map of countries by total renewable internal freshwater resources (billion cubic meters) in 2020, according to World Bank.[1]

This is the list of countries by total renewable water resources for the year 2020, based on the latest data available in January 2024, by World Bank and Food and Agriculture Organization (AQUASTAT data).[2] Fresh and unpolluted water accounts for 0.003% of total water available globally.[3]

According to World Bank, ″renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country.″[4]

According to Food and Agriculture Organization, ″internal renewable water resources (IRWR) represents long-term average annual flow of rivers and recharge of aquifers generated from endogenous precipitation. External renewable water resources (ERWR) represents that part of the country's long-term average annual renewable water resources which are not generated in the country. It includes inflows from upstream countries (groundwater and surface water), and part of the water of border lakes and/or rivers. Total actual renewable water resources (TARWR) is the sum of internal renewable water resources and incoming flow originating outside the country. The computation of TARWR takes into account upstream abstraction and quantity of flows reserved to upstream and downstream countries through formal or informal agreements or treaties. It is a measure of the maximum theoretical amount of water actually available for the country.″[5]

Water resources

Out of all the water on Earth, saline water in oceans, seas and saline groundwater make up about 97% of it. Only 2.5–2.75% is fresh water, including 1.75–2% frozen in glaciers, ice and snow, 0.5–0.75% as fresh groundwater and soil moisture, and less than 0.01% of it as surface water in lakes, swamps and rivers. Freshwater lakes contain about 87% of this fresh surface water, including 29% in the African Great Lakes, 22% in Lake Baikal in Russia, 21% in the North American Great Lakes, and 14% in other lakes. Swamps have most of the balance with only a small amount in rivers, most notably the Amazon River. The atmosphere contains 0.04% water. In areas with no fresh water on the ground surface, fresh water derived from precipitation may, because of its lower density, overlie saline ground water in lenses or layers. Most of the world's fresh water is frozen in ice sheets. Many areas suffer from lack of distribution of fresh water, such as deserts.[6][7]

List of countries by total renewable water resources

The following table provides information on annual renewable water resources based on data published by World Bank[8][9] and Food and Agriculture Organization.[2] Total renewable water resources per capita are calculated using the World Bank's population estimates. Sorting is alphabetical by country code, according to ISO 3166-1 alpha-3.

Country/Territory/Region/Group Internal
renewable
water resources
(bln m3/year) 		External
renewable
water resources
(bln m3/year) 		Total renewable
water resources
(bln m3/year) 		Total renewable
water resources
per capita
(m3/inhab/year) 		Freshwater withdrawal
as % of
total renewable
water resources
(%)
United Nations WORLD
5.50%
 Afghanistan 47.15 18.18 65.33 1678.21
1.21%
 Angola 148.00 0.40 148.40 4515.27
4.43%
 Albania 26.90 3.30 30.20 10494.14
9.48%
 Andorra 0.32 0.32 4084.64
4.06%
 United Arab Emirates 0.15 0.15 15.17
16.00%
 Argentina 292.00 584.24 876.24 19387.65
6.44%
 Armenia 6.86 0.91 7.77 2621.79
2.45%
 Antigua and Barbuda 0.05 0.05 531.00
561.00%
 Australia 492.00 492.00 19294.21
19.18%
 Austria 55.00 22.70 77.70 8627.20
6.17%
 Azerbaijan 8.12 26.56 34.67 3419.90
804.00%
 Burundi 10.06 2.48 12.54 1054.26
823.00%
 Belgium 12.00 6.30 18.30 1579.00
1.04%
 Benin 10.30 16.09 26.39 2176.82
815.00%
 Burkina Faso 12.50 1.00 13.50 645.83
581.00%
 Bangladesh 105.00 1122.03 1227.03 7450.58
627.00%
 Bulgaria 21.00 0.30 21.30 3065.43
3.03%
 Bahrain 0.11 0.12 68.17
3.00%
 Bahamas 0.70 0.70 1780.07
1.72%
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 35.50 2.00 37.50 11430.07
10.70%
 Belarus 34.00 23.90 57.90 6127.42
3.63%
 Belize 15.26 6.47 21.73 54659.13
38.64%
 Bolivia 303.50 270.50 574.00 49173.22
25.43%
 Brazil 5661.00 2986.00 8647.00 40680.39
26.55%
 Barbados 0.08 0.08 278.38
285.00%
 Brunei 8.50 8.50 19429.50
19.24%
 Bhutan 78.00 78.00 101087.60
100.97%
 Botswana 2.40 9.84 12.24 5204.91
943.00%
 Central African Republic 141.00 141.00 29193.95
26.39%
 Canada 2850.00 10.15 2860.15 73469.05
74.99%
 Switzerland 40.40 13.10 53.50 6181.67
4.68%
 Chile 885.00 38.06 923.06 48286.79
45.85%
 China 2812.90 27.32 2840.22 1930.43
1.99%
 Ivory Coast 76.84 7.30 84.14 3189.75
2.87%
 Cameroon 273.00 355.50 476.10 28476.64
10.31%
 DR Congo 900.00 383.00 1283.00 14325.37
9.69%
 Congo 222.00 610.00 832.00 150776.89
38.93%
 Colombia 2145.00 215.00 2360.00 46381.01
42.12%
 Comoros 1.20 1.20 1379.94
1.49%
 Cape Verde 0.30 52.00 2902.00 76890.15
515.00%
 Costa Rica 113.00 113.00 22182.45
22.06%
 Cuba 38.12 38.12 3365.52
3.37%
 Cyprus 0.78 0.78 646.04
630.00%
 Czech Republic 13.15 13.15 1227.94
1.23%
 Germany 107.00 47.00 154.00 1838.06
1.29%
 Djibouti 0.30 0.30 303.64
275.00%
 Dominica 0.20 0.20 2778.32
2.78%
 Denmark 6.00 6.00 1035.88
1.03%
 Dominican Republic 23.50 23.50 2166.32
2.14%
 Algeria 11.25 0.42 11.67 266.06
259.00%
 Ecuador 442.40 442.40 25075.02
25.15%
 Egypt 1.00 56.50 57.50 561.88
9.00%
 Eritrea 2.80 4.51 7.32 2062.64
787.00%
 Spain 111.20 0.30 111.50 2384.78
2.35%
 Estonia 12.71 0.10 12.81 9653.72
9.56%
 Ethiopia 122.00 122.00 1061.21
1.04%
 Finland 107.00 3.00 110.00 19853.02
19.35%
 Fiji 28.55 28.55 31848.02
31.02%
 France 200.00 11.00 211.00 3232.55
2.96%
 Gabon 164.00 2.00 166.00 74582.14
71.54%
 United Kingdom 145.00 2.00 147.00 2165.39
2.16%
 Georgia 58.13 5.20 63.33 15875.49
15.62%
 Ghana 30.30 25.90 56.20 1808.65
942.00%
 Guinea 226.00 226.00 17208.83
17.12%
 Gambia 3.00 5.00 8.00 3310.34
1.17%
 Guinea-Bissau 16.00 15.40 31.40 15955.28
7.94%
 Equatorial Guinea 26.00 26.00 18531.92
16.29%
 Greece 58.00 10.40 68.40 6562.38
5.42%
 Grenada 0.20 0.20 1777.41
1.62%
 Guatemala 109.20 18.71 127.91 7139.60
6.48%
 Guyana 241.00 30.00 271.00 344541.75
302.31%
 Honduras 90.66 1.50 92.16 9305.16
8.96%
 Croatia 37.70 67.80 105.50 25698.69
9.31%
 Haiti 13.01 1.01 14.02 1229.73
1.15%
 Hungary 6.00 98.00 104.00 10765.65
615.00%
 Indonesia 2018.70 2018.70 7380.35
7.43%
 India 1446.00 464.90 1910.90 1384.71
1.04%
 Ireland 49.00 3.00 52.00 10531.04
9.83%
 Iran 128.50 8.54 137.04 1631.63
1.47%
 Iraq 35.20 54.66 89.86 2234.07
827.00%
 Iceland 170.00 170.00 498178.72
463.89%
 Israel 0.75 1.03 1.78 205.65
81.00%
 Italy 182.50 8.80 191.30 3163.98
3.07%
 Jamaica 10.82 10.82 3654.98
3.84%
 Jordan 0.68 0.26 0.94 91.83
62.00%
 Japan 430.00 430.00 3399.84
3.41%
 Kazakhstan 64.35 44.06 108.41 5773.64
3.43%
 Kenya 20.70 10.00 30.70 570.94
398.00%
 Kyrgyzstan 48.93 −25.31 23.62 3620.06
7.44%
 Cambodia 120.60 0.30 539.58
7.36%
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.02 0.02 451.14
504.00%
 South Korea 64.85 4.85 69.70 1359.49
1.25%
 Kuwait 0.02 0.02 4.68
0.00%
 Laos 190.40 143.10 333.50 45838.40
26.01%
 Lebanon 4.80 −0.30 4.50 659.74
848.00%
 Liberia 200.00 32.00 232.00 45870.82
39.31%
 Libya 0.70 0.70 101.87
105.00%
 Saint Lucia 0.30 0.30 1633.75
1.67%
 Sri Lanka 52.80 52.80 2465.76
2.41%
 Lesotho 5.23 −2.21 3.02 1410.67
2.32%
 Lithuania 15.46 9.04 24.50 8999.78
5.53%
 Luxembourg 1.00 2.50 3.50 5591.25
1.59%
 Latvia 16.94 18.00 34.94 18524.04
8.91%
 Morocco 29.00 29.00 785.68
790.00%
 Moldova 1.62 10.65 12.27 3041.67
615.00%
 Madagascar 337.00 337.00 12170.01
11.94%
 Maldives 0.03 0.03 55.50
58.00%
 Mexico 409.00 52.89 461.89 3582.39
3.25%
 North Macedonia 5.40 1.00 6.40 3071.94
2.61%
 Mali 60.00 60.00 120.00 5925.68
2.83%
 Malta 0.05 0.05 114.37
98.00%
 Myanmar 1002.80 165.00 1167.80 21463.05
18.77%
 Mongolia 34.80 34.80 10615.29
10.56%
 Mozambique 100.30 116.80 217.10 6945.99
3.22%
 Mauritania 0.40 11.00 11.40 2451.79
89.00%
 Mauritius 2.75 2.75 2163.13
2.17%
 Malawi 16.14 1.14 17.28 903.30
833.00%
 Malaysia 580.00 580.00 17920.04
17.47%
 Namibia 6.16 33.75 39.91 15707.00
2.48%
 Niger 3.50 30.55 34.05 1406.64
144.00%
 Nigeria 221.00 65.20 286.20 1388.38
1.06%
 Nicaragua 156.21 8.31 164.52 24834.88
23.12%
 Netherlands 11.00 80.00 91.00 5310.81
631.00%
 Norway 382.00 11.00 393.00 72492.63
71.01%
 Nepal 198.20 12.00 210.20 7214.24
6.75%
 Nauru 0.01 0.01 923.87
812.00%
 New Zealand 327.00 327.00 67810.91
64.24%
 Oman 1.40 1.40 274.15
308.00%
 Pakistan 55.00 191.80 246.80 1117.29
242.00%
 Panama 136.60 2.70 139.30 32285.40
31.81%
 Peru 1641.00 238.80 1879.80 57012.26
49.27%
 Philippines 479.00 479.00 4371.19
4.27%
 Papua New Guinea 801.00 801.00 89526.98
82.16%
 Poland 53.60 6.90 60.50 1598.56
1.41%
 Puerto Rico 7.10 7.10 2481.78
2.16%
 North Korea 67.00 10.15 77.15 2992.77
2.59%
 Portugal 38.00 39.40 77.40 7590.68
3.69%
 Paraguay 117.00 270.77 387.77 54366.34
17.68%
 Palestine 0.81 0.03 0.84 164.07
169.00%
 Qatar 0.06 0.06 20.13
20.00%
 Romania 42.38 169.63 212.01 11020.55
2.20%
 Russia 4312.00 213.44 4525.44 31010.12
29.93%
 Rwanda 9.50 3.80 13.30 1026.85
723.00%
 Saudi Arabia 2.40 2.40 68.94
67.00%
 Sudan 4.00 33.80 37.80 862.04
90.00%
 Senegal 25.80 13.17 38.97 2327.41
1.57%
 Singapore 0.60 0.60 102.56
106.00%
 Solomon Islands 44.70 44.70 65076.49
64.67%
 Sierra Leone 160.00 160.00 20057.71
19.43%
 El Salvador 15.63 10.64 26.27 4050.13
2.48%
 Somalia 6.00 8.70 14.70 924.92
363.00%
 Serbia 8.41 162.20 18563.94
1.22%
 South Sudan 26.00 23.50 49.50 4422.12
2.45%
 São Tomé and Príncipe 2.18 2.18 9947.12
9.97%
 Suriname 99.00 99.00 168759.97
163.08%
 Slovakia 12.60 37.50 50.10 9176.43
2.31%
 Slovenia 18.67 13.20 31.87 15329.94
8.88%
 Sweden 171.00 3.00 174.00 17228.98
16.52%
 Eswatini 2.64 1.87 4.51 3887.38
2.24%
 Syria 7.13 9.67 16.80 960.08
343.00%
 Chad 15.00 30.70 45.70 2782.20
901.00%
 Togo 11.50 3.20 14.70 1775.64
1.36%
 Thailand 224.51 214.10 438.61 6283.81
3.14%
 Tajikistan 63.46 −41.55 21.91 2297.21
6.65%
 Turkmenistan 227.00 −15.40 211.60 2508.92
225.00%
 East Timor 8.21 8.21 6230.82
6.32%
 Trinidad and Tobago 3.84 3.84 2743.86
2.53%
 Tunisia 4.20 0.42 4.62 390.49
345.00%
 Turkey 1.41 23.36 24.77 4106.15
2.72%
 Tanzania 84.00 12.27 96.27 1611.64
1.36%
 Uganda 39.00 21.10 60.10 1313.92
878.00%
 Ukraine 55.10 120.18 175.28 4007.89
1.25%
 Uruguay 92.20 80.00 172.20 49572.07
26.89%
 United States 2818.00 251.00 3069.00 9271.83
8.50%
 Uzbekistan 16.34 32.53 48.87 1460.15
477.00%
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0.10 0.10 901.39
956.00%
 Venezuela 805.00 520.00 1325.00 46595.96
28.26%
 Vietnam 359.42 524.70 884.12 9082.94
3.72%
 Vanuatu 10.00 10.00 32557.91
32.08%
 Yemen 2.10 2.10 70.41
65.00%
 South Africa 44.80 6.55 51.35 865.81
762.00%
 Zambia 80.20 24.60 104.80 5700.62
4.24%
 Zimbabwe 12.26 7.74 20.00 1345.63
782.00%
Caribbean small states
49.91%
Pacific island small states
43.02%
Least developed countries: UN classification
4.27%
Low & middle income (WB)
4.82%
Low-income (WB)
3.48%
Middle-income (WB)
4.97%
Lower middle income (WB)
2.36%
Upper middle income (WB)
7.92%
High-income (WB)
8.64%
European Union
3.04%
OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development)
9.32%

References

  1. ^ World Bank (2024). "Renewable internal freshwater resources, total (billion cubic meters), 2020". data.world.bank. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  2. ^ a b Food and Agriculture Organization. "AQUASTAT Dissemination System". data.apps.fao.org. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  3. ^ Gleick, Peter H. (2013). The world's water 2006-2007. The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources. Island Press. ISBN 9781597269513.
  4. ^ World Bank. "Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)". worldbank.org. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  5. ^ Food and Agriculture Organization. "AQUASTAT - FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture | Glossary". fao.org. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  6. ^ National Geographic. "Freshwater Resources". nationalgeographic.org. Archived from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  7. ^ Water Science School (2018-06-06). "Where is Earth's Water?". usgs.gov. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  8. ^ World Bank. "Renewable internal freshwater resources, total (billion cubic meters)". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  9. ^ World Bank. "Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2024-01-20.

See also